Q.10 Discuss the challenges in achieving the Sustainable Development Goals by 2030. What is India’s status of SDGs ?
Ans: The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), adopted by the UN in 2015, aim to address global challenges like poverty, inequality, and climate change by 2030. However, achieving these goals faces significant hurdles, exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic and geopolitical tensions.
Challenges in Achieving SDGs by 2030
- Global Challenges: Funding Gaps: Developing nations face a $2.5 trillion annual funding shortfall for SDGs (UNCTAD, 2023).
- Climate Crisis: Rising temperatures and extreme weather events hinder progress on SDG 13 (Climate Action).
- Inequality: Widening income and gender disparities (SDG 10 and 5) persist globally.
- Geopolitical Conflicts: Wars and trade disputes disrupt global cooperation and resource allocation.
India-Specific Challenges:
- Poverty and Hunger: Despite progress, 22% of India’s population lives below the poverty line (SDG 1 and 2).
- Health and Education: Poor healthcare infrastructure and learning gaps (SDG 3 and 4) remain critical.
- Environmental Degradation: Air pollution, water scarcity, and deforestation challenge SDG 6, 7, and 15.
- Unemployment: Youth unemployment and informal labor markets hinder SDG 8 (Decent Work).
India’s Status and Examples
- Progress: India has improved access to sanitation (Swachh Bharat Mission) and renewable energy (SDG 7).
- Overall SDG score for the country is 71 for 2023-24, significant improvement from 66 in 2020-21 and 57 in 2018
- Significant progress in Goals 1 (No Poverty), 8 (Decent Work and Economic Growth), 13 (Climate Action) and 15 (Life on Land)
Achieving SDGs by 2030 requires urgent global cooperation, increased funding, and innovative solutions. India must prioritize inclusive growth and sustainable practices to meet its targets.
| Source: PIB Link |
| Keywords: SDGs, climate crisis, inequality, poverty, India, COVID-19. |
| Extra Info : India’s commitment to the SDGs since adopting the 2030 Agenda on Sustainable Development is reflected in concerted efforts on SDG localisation spearheaded by NITI Aayog, which works closely with States and UTs. NITI Aayog has the twin mandate to oversee the adoption and monitoring of the SDGs in the country and promote competitive and cooperative federalism among States and UTs. Together with States and UTs, NITI Aayog has focused on the institutionalisation of the SDGs – not only to look at sustainable development as a standalone or parallel framework, but also to make them an integral part of national and subnational thinking about development through institutional ownership, collaborative competition, capacity development, and following a whole-of- society approach. |
| Question of the Day Q. Analyze the challenges faced by developing countries in the post-COVID-19 global economic scenario. कोविड-19 के बाद के वैश्विक आर्थिक परिदृश्य में विकासशील देशों के सामने आने वाली चुनौतियों का विश्लेषण कीजिए। |
| KeyWords – Global economic scenario, Economic recovery, Supply chain disruptions, Unemployment, Fiscal deficit, Inflation, Healthcare burden, Digital divide, Debt crisis, International trade, Policy reforms वैश्विक आर्थिक परिदृश्य, चुनौतियाँ, आर्थिक पुनरुद्धार, आपूर्ति श्रृंखला में बाधाएँ, बेरोजगारी, राजकोषीय घाटा, महंगाई, स्वास्थ्य सेवाओं का बोझ, डिजिटल विभाजन, ऋण संकट, अंतरराष्ट्रीय व्यापार, नीतिगत सुधार |