Q.9 “The elimination of job dissatisfaction does not guarantee satisfaction” – Explain this statement of Herzberg in the context of two-factor theory.
“नौकरी की असंतुष्टि की समाप्ति, संतुष्टि की गारंटी नहीं है” – हर्ज़बर्ग के इस कथन को द्विघटक सिद्धांत के संदर्भ में स्पष्ट कीजिए।
Ans.
Introduction: Frederick Herzberg introduced the “Motivator-Hygiene Theory” or “Two-Factor Theory” in 1959. According to this theory, job satisfaction and dissatisfaction are influenced by two distinct sets of factors and are not on the same scale.
Key Concept: Herzberg identified:
- Hygiene Factors: These are extrinsic factors that reduce dissatisfaction but do not guarantee satisfaction. Examples: salary, job security, company policies, and working conditions.
- Motivating Factors: These are intrinsic factors that enhance job satisfaction and motivation. Examples: achievement, recognition, responsibility, and growth opportunities.
Explanation of the Theory:
- Eliminating Job Dissatisfaction Does Not Guarantee Satisfaction:
- Herzberg emphasized that removing dissatisfaction (by improving hygiene factors) does not automatically lead to job satisfaction.
- For satisfaction, motivating factors must be present.
- Example:
- Even if an employee receives a high salary and works in a safe, comfortable environment, they might still feel dissatisfied if they lack recognition, responsibility, or growth opportunities.
- Two Separate Scales:
- Herzberg’s theory highlights that job dissatisfaction and satisfaction operate on different scales, not as two ends of a single spectrum.
- Removing dissatisfaction ≠ satisfaction: Improving working conditions or providing job security may prevent dissatisfaction but will not create true job satisfaction unless intrinsic motivators are added.
- Example
- Imagine an employee working in a comfortable office with fair pay and job security. While they may not feel dissatisfied, they may still lack motivation or satisfaction if they don’t experience achievement, recognition, or professional growth.
Herzberg’s statement underscores that eliminating dissatisfaction by enhancing hygiene factors does not automatically create job satisfaction. True satisfaction requires the presence of intrinsic motivators such as achievement, recognition, and personal growth.
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